Effect of combined extract of leaves of Medicago sativum and seeds of Garcinia kola on biochemical indices of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Duruamaku, C. C and Olorunshola, D. O and Omeh, Y. N (2025) Effect of combined extract of leaves of Medicago sativum and seeds of Garcinia kola on biochemical indices of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 27 (2). pp. 1964-1971. ISSN 2581-9615

Diabetes is a worldwide condition with complications, and herbal herbs such as Garcinia kola and Medicago sativum might provide alternative therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antidiabetic effect of the combined extract of Garcinia kola seeds and Medicago sativum leaves on biochemical indices of diabetic rats. The combined extract was prepared by maceration. A single dose of alloxan 150 mg/kg body weight, BW) intraperitoneally injected into the experimental groups caused them to become diabetic. Rats with fasting blood glucose levels ≥250 mg/dl were considered diabetic and were divided into six groups. Group 1 serves as a normal control (no induction of diabetes). Three groups (4, 5, and 6) of diabetic animals were orally administered daily with 500 mg/kg G. kola extract, 750 mg/kg M. sativum + 250 mg/kg G. kola, and 750 mg/kg G. kola + 250 mg/kg, respectively. One group of alloxan rats was treated as diabetic control (group 2), and another group was orally administered 0.5 mg/kg BW glipalamide daily (group 3). Blood glucose level, liver function indices, kidney function indices, lipid profile and antioxidant enzyme level of diabetic rats treated with Garcinia kola seeds and Medicago sativum leaves combined extract. The result reveals that blood glucose levels (BGL) at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days for +ve control, std control, and all extract-treated groups were significantly higher and different (p<0.05) compared to the normal control group. Nephropathy result shows urea, creatinine urea, uric acid and globulin level of the rats were also maintained by the extract to normal level when compared to the healthy rats. Observation from the study shows a significant increase (p<0.05) in the alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) level of untreated diabetic rats which confirms the fact that hepatic injury is associated also with diabetes. Extract treated group ALT and AST levels was significantly reduced in comparison to the normal control group. However, there was no significant difference in ALP levels among the rats in any groups (p>0.05). The findings from this study revealed that the combination of methanol extract of Garcinia kola seeds and Medicago sativum leaves elicits better ameliorative effects from the disruptions caused by the induction of alloxan.