Effects of Al (2.3-3.3) % and Mo (0.44-1.44) % additives on the electrical conductivity of UNS N04400

Oputa, Augustine Anyiam and Owuama, Kennedy Chinedu and Emifoniye, Elvis and Ishiekwene, Reuben and Ezechukwu, Vincent Chukwuemeka and Atanmo, P. N. (2025) Effects of Al (2.3-3.3) % and Mo (0.44-1.44) % additives on the electrical conductivity of UNS N04400. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 16 (2). pp. 295-304. ISSN 2582-8266

This research investigates the electrical conductivities of aluminium and molybdenum in UNS N04400. Solute mix (Al and Mo) in the solvent and optimization was determined using a design computer software. Research specimens’ production was accomplishable with sand casting technique. Cast specimens were machined to ASTM and ISO standards, heat to 950 0C, soaked for one hour and cooled in the furnace. Test samples were loaded into the LSR machine. Specimens test analysis results at (-200, 20 and 900) 0C indicate electrical conductivity (1822286.912-1859599.926, 1629687.482-1663056.844 and 1442097.556-1471625.84) S/m and electrical resistivity (0.549-0.538, 0.614-0.601 and 0.693-0.680) μΩm. Optimization results at 20 0C indicate (1661972.842) S/m and (0.601) μΩm. Electrical conductivity and resistivity vs temperature graphs were plotted. Comparison of research alloy results at (-200, 20 and 900) 0C with that of the solvent and UNS N05500 indicate (49, 17.6, 0.7) % decrease and (2.2, 2.3, 2.2)% increase in electrical conductivities. Solute high solubility, occupation of solvent vacancies, refined lattice grain, increased grain boundaries with formation of largescale precipitates of different sizes. Molybdenum comparative higher numbers of valance electrons provides research samples comparative higher electrical conductivity over UNS N05500. However, temperature increase delocalize and excite delocalized electrons and phonons to higher velocities resulting to electrons and phonons collision and scattering. This impede onward electric current transfer and increase electrical resistivity. In elevated temperature environments, where electrical conductivity and strengths are a priority over strength to weight ratio, UNS N04400 strengthened with Al and Mo is a preference over UNS N04400 and UNS N05500.