Regenerative medicine and stem cells: A new frontier in healthcare

Deka, Anjanjyoti and Chakraborty, Ankita and Ahmed, Shiny and Kalita, Juganta Kumar and Laskar, Moksood Ahmed and Das, Priyam Jyoti (2025) Regenerative medicine and stem cells: A new frontier in healthcare. Open Access Research Journal of Life Sciences, 9 (1). 032-039. ISSN 2783-025X

A groundbreaking development in contemporary medicine, stem-cell therapy has the potential to revolutionize the way many crippling diseases and injuries are treated. This review explores the cutting edge of stem cell-based therapies, emphasizing the unique potential of stem cells to differentiate into a wide range of phenotypes through specialized cell differentiation and regeneration. By exploring the procedures, uses, and difficulties involved in applying stem cells across several medical specialties, this study seeks to assist researchers, doctors, and stakeholders in navigating the complex field of stem-cell treatment. Massive advances in medical science have been made possible by the historical progression from fundamental contributions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to more recent discoveries like ESC separation and iPSC discovery. The regenerative potential of stem cells extends throughout the embryonic, adult, induced pluripotent, and perinatal phases, providing previously unheard-of therapeutic prospects in the treatment of tissue damage, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular conditions, spinal cord injuries, and diabetes. However, challenges including cancer, immunological rejection, and precise control of stem-cell behaviour call for thorough investigation and creative solutions. This publication offers a comprehensive overview of the successes, challenges, and future directions in stem cell-based regenerative medicine by summarizing current biotechnological developments, critical trial evaluations, and upcoming technologies. A roadmap for stem cell treatment is provided by future directions such as immune modulation tactics, precision medicine integration, gene-editing technology breakthroughs, and bioengineering synergy. The emphasis on the potential of stem-cell therapy underscores its noteworthy impact on modern medicine and suggests a future where customized regenerative therapies will treat a range of illnesses.