Identification and Quantification of Novel Metabolites in (Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don Parental types and their F1, F2 generation

Abdelmageed, Awad Hamza and Alkamali, Hatil Hashim and Abdelrahman, Mohamed Elkheir (2025) Identification and Quantification of Novel Metabolites in (Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don Parental types and their F1, F2 generation. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 30 (3). pp. 272-279. ISSN 2581-3250

This study investigates the variability of alkaloidal compounds in the aerial parts of Catharanthus roseus (periwinkle) parents, and their hybrids at different growth stages. Alkaloids are of significant interest due to their pharmaceutical properties, and understanding their variation across generations can inform breeding strategies. Alkaloid concentrations were analyzed in the aerial parts (stems & leaves) of parental plants and F1 hybrids at the flowering stage, at the fruiting stage for F2 generation. Identification and Quantification of Novel Metabolites was conducted using appropriate biochemical methods to quantify and compare alkaloid levels across the different generations. The analysis revealed significant variability in the alkaloid profiles among the different generations. The analysis revealed significant variability in Quantification of Novel Metabolites among the different generations .Isovindolinine and vindolinine were prominent in the parental plants, but were absent in F1 hybrids and re-emerged in F2 hybrids, with isovindolinine at 1.63%, and vindolinine at 1.81%. Alkaloids like coronardinine which was abundant in highest concentration in F1 hybrids Rr 10.1%, and showed decreased in F2 hybrids at 2.79%, and a slight recovery in F2 hybrids. Alkaloids like Pleiocarpamine (Pleiocarpamine ) and Pericyvilinine (Pericyvilinine) were either absent or present in trace amounts in one of parental like RR or in F1 hybrids Rr or F2 hybrids Rr, indicating that this alkaloid might be regulated by complex genetic factors. Vindorosine alkaloid was a higher concentration in RR parent (4.46%) compared to R'R' (rr) parent (2.06%). It was increases in F1 hybrids (RR') (Rr), and continues to increase in F2 generation. Vindoline shows in a highest concentration in RR parent (82.33%), lower in rr parent (52.95%). In F1 Rr hybrid , concentrations are higher than both parents reaching (86.46%). In F2, concentrations are distributed among RR, Rr, and rr genotypes (around 80%). The study emphasizes that the genetic makeup of the Catharanthus roseus plant (also known as periwinkle) plays a crucial role in determining the quantity and types of alkaloids produces. Also crossing different strains of the Catharanthus roseus plant (also known as periwinkle) leads offspring with a wider rang of alkaloid productionin the aerial parts (stems & leaves) in this plant. This increased variability is valuable for developing varieties with enhanced medicinal properties."