Effect of light and temperature on growing lettuce crop in greenhouse by using IoT Technology

Barmon, Sujon Kumar and Alam, Nur and Aktar, Shermin and Hasan, Mainul (2025) Effect of light and temperature on growing lettuce crop in greenhouse by using IoT Technology. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 14 (2). pp. 1143-1156. ISSN 2582-8185

Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) is an important vegetable in horticulture, but information about the interactive effects of light and temperature on its photosynthetic characteristics was inadequate. This research aims to design, create, and evaluate a hydroponic (lettuce) automation system by monitoring the quality of plant growth that uses LED grow lights and natural light conditions on hydroponics. Checking whether the proposed system has a significant effect on the box Choy hydroponic (lettuce) growth is also an important aspect and becomes the contribution of this paper. The contribution of this paper is by discussing in detail the automation of LED grow lights using RTC modules and relays while also discussing the significance of LED light performance in lettuce growth. On the proposed greenhouse automation systems, light-feeding is done automatically, this can be carried out with the help of a real-time clock (RTC) module and relays. Furthermore, the monitoring function is carried out through temperature and humidity measurement sensors. The data obtained from the sensor will be stored in the database for research on plant quality. The results of a comparison test show that the LED grows lights are superior in terms of fresh weight, the number of leaves, and plant height respectively with an average value of 67.2 grams, 7 leaves, and 9.3 cm on the 30th day. Compared to sunlight, respectively with an average value of 37.3 grams, 5 leaves, and 7.1 cm on the 30th day. T16, T17,T18,T19,T20 &T21 are conducted inside the greenhouse to get maximum production. It shows 18-19°C are most suitable for lettuce crop growth. It can be concluded that the LED grow lights give a significant effect on the fresh weight and leaf growth rate of IoT-based box Choy hydroponics (Lettuce) if compared to sunlight.