"A prospective study of etiology and outcome of acute febrile illness with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome " in patients admitted in intensive care unit

MANIYAR, IRFAN and YENKANCHI, ASHOK P. and PANFAROSH, MARIYA SULTANA U. (2025) "A prospective study of etiology and outcome of acute febrile illness with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome " in patients admitted in intensive care unit. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 16 (1). pp. 1584-1594. ISSN 2582-8185

Background: Acute Febrile Illness (AFI) is a frequent cause of ICU admissions in tropical regions like India. Although often self-limiting, AFI can progress to Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS), resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Objective: To identify the etiology, clinical predictors, and outcomes of AFI progressing to MODS. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months in a medical ICU. Patients with AFI and MODS (≥2 organ dysfunctions) were evaluated for demographic, clinical, laboratory, and microbiological parameters. Disease severity was assessed using SOFA score. Results: Dengue, malaria, leptospirosis, rickettsial infections, and bacterial sepsis were common causes. Mortality correlated with elevated creatinine, bilirubin, CNS involvement, low MAP, and thrombocytopenia. Mixed infections increased mortality risk. Conclusion: MODS due to AFI poses a critical care challenge. Early identification of high-risk patients using simple markers can guide timely management and improve outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings.