Prevalence of alveoplasty in maxillary edentulous patients in south Jordanian people: A cross-sectional study

Alrousan, Ahmad Younis and Tarawneh, Shahed Adel and Al-Issa, Malik Mahmood and Ganem, Mohammad Ibrahim and Al-Nsour, Yazan Ahmad (2025) Prevalence of alveoplasty in maxillary edentulous patients in south Jordanian people: A cross-sectional study. World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 23 (1). pp. 217-229. ISSN 2582-5542

Aims: This study studies 200 maxillary edentulous patients from southern Jordan to establish alveoplasty rates to guide clinical practice and advance Middle Eastern pre-prosthetic surgical research. With periodical ridge examination or alternative prosthetic options, prosthodontists, oral surgeons, and general dentists may use the data. Methods: Maxillary edentulous patients who required alveoplasty before obtaining full dentures were studied at Jordan's Prince Ali Bin Al-Hussein Hospital. Two hundred people over forty had all their top teeth pulled for the study. Age was used to categorise individuals. A thorough clinical assessment indicated the patient's necessity for alveoplasty. The study examined the maxillary sinus, pathological lesions, residual bone density, and height using x-rays. X-ray and clinical exam data were merged to decide on surgical ridge adjustment. The appearance of acute bony projections and considerable arch height variability prompted alveoplasty referral. The ridge deformity determined the surgical strategy. A basic alveoplasty surgery that reconstructs localised bone may be recommended for small issues, while ridge removal and smoothing may be needed for severe conditions. Chi-square tests, descriptive statistics, and case report forms organised data collection. Results: A cross-sectional assessment of 200 upper-bite missing teeth patients at Jordan's Prince Ali Bin Al-Hussein Hospital found significant age disparities in the 12.5% who underwent alveoplasty. Ridge repair surgery was more prevalent in younger persons, even though 15.8% of 51-60-year-olds needed it for structural issues. After six decades, alveoplasty was negatively correlated with age. This suggests that prolonged tooth loss may promote significant ridge atrophy, reducing the need for surgery. The study also found four ways a person's anatomy may indicate the need for an alveoplasty. The findings indicate that a comprehensive clinical examination is essential when choosing ridge irregularity surgery. The study found that alveoplasty patients had increased osteosclerotic regions and root fragments following tooth extraction. How near the maxillary sinus was to the ridge did not significantly affect alveoplasty need. However, knife-edge ridge x-rays were efficient diagnostic tools. Tooth extraction time substantially impacted alveoplasty occurrence. Age, robust bone crests, and time following extraction may indicate alveoplasty. Conclusion: Alveoplasty demands vary by patient type, tooth extraction, and prosthesis reinsertion timing. The principles of bone reshaping remain the same. Jordan's 12.5% incidence rate illustrates the issue healthcare institutions globally confront in combining scant resources with effective replacement therapy. The findings provide a demographic profile of southern Jordanians lacking top teeth who require alveoplasty.