Privacy-preserving techniques in distributed machine learning: Beyond differential privacy

Dash, Anjan Kumar (2025) Privacy-preserving techniques in distributed machine learning: Beyond differential privacy. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 26 (3). pp. 418-430. ISSN 2581-9615

The distributed learning of today has dramatically changed the way various companies in healthcare, finance, and telecommunications treat their data. The power of analytical abilities that are delivered by such setups also introduces the large privacy challenges that conventional answers cannot deal with. The article assesses how traditional differential privacy approaches fail to provide solution in today’s distributed machine learning landscape and introduces game twisting alternatives. It incorporates advanced cryptographic utilities, enhanced federated learning processes, secure multi-party computational systems, homomorphic encryption procedures, trusted execution mechanisms, as well as novel ways to ensure contextual privacy. Now that critical shortcomings in existing practice have been identified, the literature does precise work building a strong privacy framework centred in real-time adjustment of privacy budget, monitoring risk in context, and iterative auditing of models. This article tries to harmonize the underlying conflict between privacy protection and good model utility especially in the context of multi-party computational setting. The framework is proven to achieve significant improvements in model accuracy and faster and lower communication at the expense of consistent resistance against advanced attack against inference and reconstruction, through performance analysis.