Demystifying Infrastructure as Code (IAC): A practical guide for DevOps professionals

Mannem, Karthik Reddy (2025) Demystifying Infrastructure as Code (IAC): A practical guide for DevOps professionals. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 15 (2). pp. 902-911. ISSN 2582-8266

This comprehensive article explores Infrastructure as Code (IAC), a transformative approach for DevOps professionals managing cloud infrastructure. The article examines how IAC enables organizations to treat infrastructure configuration as software, resulting in more consistent, repeatable, and maintainable cloud environments. It provides an in-depth analysis of key benefits including consistency across environments, version control capabilities, reduced human error, and improved documentation. The article evaluates popular IAC tools including Terraform, Azure Bicep, AWS CloudFormation, and Pulu mi, examining their distinct advantages for different organizational contexts. Best practices such as modularization, parameterization, remote state management, and immutable infrastructure are thoroughly explored, alongside practical implementation strategies for organizations at any stage of adoption. The article also addresses critical security considerations including the least privilege principle, secrets management, and policy as code implementation. Drawing on extensive research and industry reports, this article offers DevOps professionals a practical roadmap for successfully implementing IAC while navigating common challenges and leveraging emerging trends.