Data normalization and synchronization challenges in multi-cloud ERP systems

Pakkirisamy, Srinivasan (2025) Data normalization and synchronization challenges in multi-cloud ERP systems. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 15 (1). pp. 2505-2518. ISSN 2582-8266

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have evolved from monolithic architectures toward highly distributed, cloud-native implementations. Organizations increasingly adopt multi-cloud strategies that distribute business processes across specialized platforms: Oracle Cloud ERP for financials, Workday for human capital management, Salesforce for customer relationship management, and Blue Yonder for supply chain optimization. This strategic approach delivers superior domain-specific functionality but introduces significant integration challenges. Divergent data models, inconsistent APIs, and varying transaction semantics across these platforms create substantial barriers to seamless information exchange. Data normalization demands the reconciliation of fundamentally different architectural philosophies, from Oracle's complex financial structures to Workday's comprehensive employee objects. Synchronization faces critical obstacles, including transaction propagation delays, eventual consistency models, and high-volume event streams. This article explores these challenges and presents a comprehensive framework for addressing them through structured approaches to schema mapping, semantic reconciliation, conflict resolution, and security enforcement. By implementing these strategies, enterprises can achieve cohesive operations while maintaining the specialized capabilities of their cloud platform ecosystem.