Factors affecting weight gain among injectable contraceptive users in Indonesia: A Literature Review

Weight gain is one of the common side effects reported by users of injectable contraception, particularly the DMPA type containing the hormone progesterone. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing weight gain among users of injectable contraception. Through a literature review, the study identifies those hormonal factors, duration of use, diet, physical activity, age, and psychological and social factors that play significant roles in weight changes. Progesterone can stimulate the appetite control center in the hypothalamus, increasing appetite and affecting body metabolism. The longer the duration of use, the more significant the weight gain. Lifestyle factors, such as high-calorie diets and low physical activity, exacerbate the hormonal side effects