Securing the chain of custody: Blockchain innovation in controlled substance prescription management

Pothula, Ram Mohan Reddy (2025) Securing the chain of custody: Blockchain innovation in controlled substance prescription management. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 15 (1). pp. 1839-1852. ISSN 2582-8266

Blockchain technology emerges as a promising solution to address the significant challenges in controlled substance prescription management amid the opioid epidemic and growing concerns about prescription drug abuse. Traditional systems struggle with tracking, verification, and regulatory compliance issues that can lead to fraud and patient safety risks. Blockchain offers a secure, transparent, and immutable ledger system that transforms how controlled substances are prescribed, tracked, and dispensed. The decentralized nature of blockchain creates an auditable trail of prescription activities while maintaining appropriate privacy controls. By implementing permissioned networks, smart contracts, sophisticated identity management, and integration layers, healthcare organizations can dramatically improve verification accuracy, reduce administrative burden, enhance regulatory compliance, and identify potential prescription misuse patterns. Despite implementation challenges, including regulatory complexity, system integration, and privacy considerations, pioneering initiatives demonstrate that blockchain technology can fundamentally reimagine controlled substance management while delivering substantial operational and economic benefits across the healthcare ecosystem.