Cannabis sativa: Quality control testing measures and guidelines: An update

Malabadi, Ravindra B. and Kolkar, Kiran P. and Coronado, Karen Viviana Castaño and Chalannavar, Raju K. (2025) Cannabis sativa: Quality control testing measures and guidelines: An update. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 14 (1). pp. 110-129. ISSN 2582-8266

The use of Cannabis sativa as a herbal medicine is increasing due to its proven therapeutic values. However, in multiple countries today, its cultivation and usage are regulated by the interest in the medicinal potential of cannabis and have paved the way for the release of marketing authorization for cannabis-based products. The legalization of cannabis is an important source of economic growth as it contributes to the growing revenue tax, and the creation of new workplaces. However, cannabis products in the market have been found contaminated with microorganisms (pathogenic bacteria, yeasts, and molds) during any stage of production. Microorganism-contaminated cannabis products can be dangerous for medical patients, especially those with immunocompromising conditions or using immunosuppressive therapies, as they are at high risk of infection. Over-labeling of cannabis products may lead patients to use products that will not provide them with the expected medical benefit. Alternatively, under-labeling poses a safety risk from unexpected impairment or adverse events. In cannabis quality control testing, some of the most common tests included are, microbial, pesticide, heavy metal, potency, and residual solvent testing. Quality control testing measures is crucial for cannabis producers to meet market expectations and ensure the safety and efficacy of their products. Cannabis quality control testing measures, guidelines are responsible for inspecting, testing, verifying products, procedures against SOPs and specifications. Cannabis quality control is a vital aspect of the cannabis industry, ensuring consistent, safe, and compliant products. Rigorous testing for potency, contaminants, and other quality measures not only ensures regulatory compliance but also safeguards public health.