O.B.D-2 sensor diagnostics for monitoring vehicle engine load

Christoforidis, Chariton and Barkas, Dimitrios E and Christakis, Ioannis and impas, Dimitrios (2025) O.B.D-2 sensor diagnostics for monitoring vehicle engine load. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 26 (1). pp. 234-246. ISSN 2581-9615

The increasing need for efficient vehicle diagnostics and performance optimization has led to advancements in On-Board Diagnostics (O.B.D) systems, particularly the O.B.D-2 protocol. This study investigates the real-time monitoring capabilities of O.B.D-2 for assessing engine load under various driving conditions. Three different vehicles were examined, and key parameters such as vehicle speed, engine speed, throttle position, and engine load were analyzed. Results indicated that engine load increases significantly when vehicle speed is low while Rounds per Minute (RPM) remain high. Conversely, when speed increases and engine speed reach the optimal range of 2000 to 3000 RPM, the total engine load decreases, indicating optimized engine performance. These findings highlight the potential of O.B.D-2 for real-time diagnostics and fuel efficiency improvements. The study also discusses the limitations of O.B.D-2 and future advancements in O.B.D-3, which promise enhanced real-time data transmission and remote monitoring. The implementation of next-generation diagnostic systems could play a crucial role in reducing emissions and improving vehicle maintenance strategies.