Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Capparis Brevis pina Dc

BACHU, BHAVANI and RL, MANISHA and SUDHAKAR, MUVVALA and KALYAN, KALYAN and KAUSHIK, KAUSHIK and MAMIDOLU, KAVYA and IBRAHIM, IBRAHIM and PERVEEN, NEHA and BHAVANA, BHAVANA (2025) Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Capparis Brevis pina Dc. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 25 (3). pp. 1819-1829. ISSN 2581-9615

Inflammation is an immune response triggered by pathogens, toxins, and cellular damage, leading to acute or chronic inflammatory conditions affecting multiple organs. The present study evaluates the in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous leaf extract of Capparis brevis pina DC (ALECB) using protein denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. The phytochemical screening of ALECB confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, and saponins, which are known for their pharmacological properties. The albumin denaturation assay demonstrated that ALECB exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, with an IC₅₀ of 93.877 µg/ml compared to 35.519 µ g/ml for Diclofenac. Similarly, in the HRBC membrane stabilization assay, ALECB showed an IC₅₀ of 86.67 µg/ml, while Aspirin exhibited an IC₅₀ of 37.81 µ g/ml. These findings suggest that ALECB possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity, although it is less potent than standard drugs. The observed effects can be attributed to the phytochemicals present in the extract, particularly flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The study highlights the potential of Capparis brevis pina DC as a natural anti-inflammatory agent, warranting further in-vivo investigations and bioactive compound isolation to explore its therapeutic applications.